Decriminalization of Marijuana in Canada Essays - 1352 Words

Marijuana is currently a hot topic of debate throughout Canada, and has been for the past few years. Marijuana was first banned in 1923 under the Opium and Drug Act, but since 1997 the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act have controlled it. In 2000, over 30,000 Canadians were charged with possession of marijuana. Currently, the marijuana laws are not enforced equally across the country, which has prompted the interest in changing the laws or possibly decriminalizing marijuana. Also, those convicted of marijuana related crimes usually don’t go to jail, but they do receive a criminal record. There are currently two committees researching the possibility of legalizing marijuana in Canada. One committee is the Special Senate Committee on†¦show more content†¦This is why the Canadian government is leaning more toward decriminalizing small amounts of marijuana rather than legalizing it. The theory behind the decriminalization of the possession of small amounts of marijuana for personal use should be tied to a national drug strategy that promotes awareness and prevention, and provides for comprehensive treatment. The government would sponsor programs to educate youths about the dangers of marijuana, and also support programs to aide citizens who have addictions to marijuana. Opposition to the Decriminalization of Marijuana nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;There is also strong support on the other side, opposing the decriminalization of marijuana. Their argument is that by legalizing, or even decriminalizing small amounts or marijuana will lead to an increase of the use of other drugs. They also contradict the view of those who support the decriminalization of marijuana by stating the marijuana is indeed a gateway drug that will lead users to start using narcotics like heroin and cocaine. They believe that people who start off using marijuana and get addicted will start searching for new ways to get high, and basically start down the path of drug use to harder, more addicting, and more life threatening drugs. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Another point that the opposition makes is the message thatShow MoreRelatedEssay about Decriminalization of Marijuana in Canada1368 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Marijuana is currently a hot topic of debate throughout Canada, and has been for the past few years. Marijuana was first banned in 1923 under the Opium and Drug Act, but since 1997 the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act have controlled it. In 2000, over 30,000 Canadians were charged with possession of marijuana. Currently, the marijuana laws are not enforced equally across the country, which has prompted the interest in changing the laws or possibly decriminalizing marijuana. Also, thoseRead MoreMarijuana Prohibition Canada1372 Words   |  6 PagesThe Controlled Substances Act (Marijuana Prohibition) CLN-4U Unit One Essay Cailey Bazik CLN 4U – Unit One Essay Controlled Substances Act Marijuana Prohibition The Controlled substance act pertaining to Marijuana has been a long on going battle as to whether marijuana should be legal in Canada and taken out of this act. The law behind the drug has a long history and many failed attempts at decriminalization. There are both positive and negative effects to this law, but I believe theRead MoreTicketing for Small Amounts of Marijuana in Canada852 Words   |  3 Pagesissue ticket to those caught with tiny amounts of marijuana. However, these legal changes should not be interpreted as either a legalization or decriminalization of marijuana. Rather they should be interpreted as additional enforcement measures that, should they need them, are available to police officers. Likewise, there is good reason to believe that this novel ‘ticketing system’ would only apply to simple possession of 30 grams or less of marijuana. Additionally, these tickets would function similarlyRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1054 Words   |  5 Pa gesHistorically, marijuana has been an illegal substance in Canada since 1923, mainly because of the perspective that the harmful consequences of its abuse and its addictive nature outweigh the significant benefits of making it a legal drug. Although laws have evolved as culture and society has evolved, Canada continues to struggle with the decriminalization of marijuana, despite its numerous benefits, it continues to form an archaic boundary line. This essay will discuss: 1) how laws regarding theRead Morelegalizing marijuana1044 Words   |  5 PagesLegalization of Marijuana Cannabis sativa or marijuana, is most known for its euphoric psychological effects when consumed. Many Canadians take part in the use of marijuana which has been illegal in Canada since the early 1900s. The topic of marijuana legalization in Canada has been a highly controversial topic over the last century. It has been discussed recently in the news due to Washington and Colorado both voting to legalize marijuana in November of 2012. The Liberal and Conservative partiesRead MoreShould Drugs Be Decriminalized?1666 Words   |  7 Pagesnot work still leaves us looking for a solution, so what other options exist? This paper will discuss the pros and cons about one option: decriminalizing drugs. The obvious place to start is by defining terminology. What does decriminalization mean? Decriminalization is not the same thing as legalization; these are two different options for dealing with illegal drug use. Legalization means that the government authorizes the use and sale of certain drugs to adults (The Drug Policy Forum of TexasRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized? Essay1520 Words   |  7 PagesMarijuana was first criminalized in 1923 when it was added to the narcotics act. In 1971 the LeDain commission recommended the decriminalization of simple possessions of marijuana, followed by the legalization of medical marijuana in 2001. Currently, the liberal government is taking steps towards their promise, to legalize marijuana, made during the 2015 election. Currently, there are laws that regulate the use of marijuana in Canada. It is illegal to possess or sell marijuana for non-medial purposesRead MoreThe Legalization Of Marijuan Marijuana1097 Words   |  5 PagesDECRIM INALIZATION OF MARIJUANA The decriminalization of marijuana refers to removing drug offences concerning marijuana from criminal law rather than completely legalizing and allowing public use of the drug whether regulated or not. The legalization of Marijuana has been a hot political issue for decades due to its potential medical uses and industrial properties. It is a very important and controversial issue in society today. Although many false claims have been made about cannabis in recentRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?876 Words   |  4 Pagesare capable of pursuing criminal charges for marijuana possession, however there is a lack of consensus with regard to the legal status of marijuana in Canada. Where the superior and appellate courts in Ontario have declared marijuana laws to be of no force and/or effect and public opinion polls have found an increasing majority of agreement in that marijuana use should not be a criminal offence, Justin Trudeau announced that the possession of marijuana for r ecreational and medicinal use would beRead MoreTo what Extent Are Prostitution and Drug Use Associated with Sociological Variables?1214 Words   |  5 Pagesthis, threatens to evade definition. However, a working definition is that it almost universally involves the exchange of sexual services for money or other material possessions (Gomme 2006, p. 216). Although Gommes study is predominantly focused on Canada, his definition is still applicable to America and the greater global scale as prostitution is prevalent around the world. Prostitution does have a strong correlation with sociological variables, although it is also true that prostitution manifests

Deterrence Theory And Its Effect On The Individual s...

Deterrence theory is influential in understanding shoplifting, but many shortcomings in this perspective should be addressed to encompass the crime. Deterrence theory understands that when there is a low likelihood of getting caught or the punishment is minimal it will not deter the individual from the crime. This theory theorizes the individual as a rational actor who understand the penalties and can logically think and control their actions accordingly. Shoplifters may not be informed of the likelihood of detection, risks, or other punishments of the crime. In this theory: Perceptions of sanction threats are not strongly related to the actual levels of punishment [which] does not speak well of the ability of the criminal justice system to regulate criminal conduct through policies aimed at making punishment more certain, severe, or swift (Paternoster 2010:810) It is difficult to support the degree a deterrent effect can change the individual’s perception of the costs in committing the crime. Policy studies about the policing of â€Å"hot spots† and police â€Å"crackdowns† do generally show that there is at least an initial general deterrent effect in response to the enhanced presence of the police and police actions, and that offenders rationally readjust their perceptions of the risk of sanctions and reduce their offending (Paternoster 2010:819). Overall, for deterrence theory to work well, the shoplifter must be tempted by the immediate gains of committing the crime andShow MoreRelatedPolice Corruption within XYZ Organization E ssay1076 Words   |  5 Pagesasserted that experiences in police corruption undermine public perceptions of police trustworthiness, procedural justice, and effectiveness (Tankebe, 2010, p.297). To address this issue, I have identified two potential strategies aimed at reducing the prevalence of these instances. I will be using a blend of two criminological theories. The two theories that I would like to blend is the deterrence theory and the self-control theory. A blend of the two allows us to apply a direct application acrossRead MoreDeterrence And Rational Choice Theory748 Words   |  3 Pages In the following paragraphs, deterrence and rational choice theory, two important ideas, will be discussed. Deterrence theory argues that people are more likely to be dissuaded from committing crimes due to fear of being caught, rather than using a moral sense of what is right and what is the wrong thing to do. The three elements of the deterrent effect of punish relies on the severity , certainty, and celerity of the punishment (Lab, 2016). General deterrence is designed to impact more thanRead MoreContemporary Utilization Of Classical Perspective1575 Words   |  7 Pagesexplain the contemporary utilization of the classical perspective of criminology. Deterrence theory, rational choice theory, routine activities theory, and lifestyle theory will be explained and defined thoroughly detailing each theory and provide a historical background, theorist(s) involved, prior literature, scientific methods, results, personal opinions, and policy implications for each theory. These theories are still being utilized in law enforcement in present day enforcement of laws andRead MoreRational Choice, Deterrence, Incapacitation and Just Desert Essay1476 Words   |  6 PagesRational Choice, Deterrence, Incapacitation and Just Desert In seeking to answer the question, Why do people engage in deviant and/or criminal acts?, many researchers, as well as the general public, have begun to focus on the element of personal choice. An understanding of personal choice is commonly based in a conception of rationality or rational choice. These conceptions are rooted in the analysis of human behavior developed by the early classical theorists, CesareRead MoreDeterrence And The Death Penalty3425 Words   |  14 PagesRunning head: Deterrence and the Deterrence and the Death Penalty Sherelle Gordon Virginia State University Deterrence and the Death Penalty The idea of capital punishment deterring crime is difficult to determine; some could rationalize that the death penalty should in theory stop potential murders from committing crimes. However, this rationalization has never been concretely proven. The research into capital punishment’s effect on deterrence is immense; however, the majorityRead MoreDoes the Perceived Risk of Punishment Deter Criminally Prone Individuals - Rational Choice, Self-Control and Crime.Pdf14337 Words   |  58 PagesJournal of Research in Crime and Delinquency http://jrc.sagepub.com/ Does the Perceived Risk of Punishment Deter Criminally Prone Individuals? Rational Choice, Self-Control, and Crime Bradley R. E. Wright, Avshalom Caspi, Terrie E. Moffitt and Ray Paternoster Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 2004 41: 180 DOI: 10.1177/0022427803260263 The online version of this article can be found at: http://jrc.sagepub.com/content/41/2/180 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com On behalfRead MoreCapital Punishment And The Death Penalty Essay1740 Words   |  7 Pagesviolent criminal whom are convicted of heinous crimes. It is a government sanction in which criminals are put to death by the state government. There’s an on-going debate regarding the pros and cons of the death penalty. There are some individuals whom support the penalty and also a large number of individuals whom are totally against the death penalty. There is no clear decision whether the death penalty is effective and provides a sense of deterrence or whether it’s simply a costly mistake. But isRead MoreThe Criminal Justice System3724 Words   |  15 Pagesthe criminal justice system, as it is constructed today, is doing enough to punish and to deter crime. It will also look to see if there is deterrent in punishment at all. To do this there are a number of theories that should be examined. This includes the following Deterrence theory, rational choice theory, and lastly t he positivist theory. The deterrence theory is a very basic, but overlapping theory to all of the others. We learn that at a very early age that reward vs cost is a critical thingRead MoreEssay Correctional Theory2516 Words   |  11 Pagesempirical evidence does not support rehabilitation (p. 23). By the mid-1970s, correctional policy shifted from one emphasizing rehabilitation to one emphasizing just desserts/retribution, deterrence and incapacitation (Cullen, Jonson, 2012, p. 22). The result of these â€Å"get-tough† policies, which sought to control crime through strict laws and lengthy sentences, was unprecedented growth in our custodial population, which we can no longer support, either financially or spatially (p. 1). EVIDENCE-BASEDRead MoreEssay about Decision Making by Criminals3039 Words   |  13 Pagesrational process is a heated topic of discussion when one asserts that crime is the role of choice. Before the classical school of criminology, crime was thought to be the product of the paranormal occurrence of demons, witches, ghouls, and other creatures. The time prior to the classical school of criminology, called the preclassical era, is divided in two parts. Before the time of state intervention into private matters, each individual dealt with violations of their rights. This was a problem because

Hyundai Motor Company Free Essays

Background of the Organization Hyundai Motor Company (Hyundai) is the world’s fifth largest automobile company. It is the South Korea based global manufacturer of automobiles, and operates as a unit of Hyundai Motor Group. The company along with its subsidiaries and affiliates is involved in the design, development and manufacturing of passenger cars under the brand names of Equus, Genesis, Genesis Coupe, Azera, Sonata, Elantra, Accent, Getz, i30, i30cw, i20, i10 and recreational vehicles under the brand names of Veracruz/ix55, Santa Fe, Tucson/ix35, ix20, and H-1 and commercial vehicles which include medium and heavy duty automobiles and relevant parts. We will write a custom essay sample on Hyundai Motor Company or any similar topic only for you Order Now The company maintains a global production system consisting of manufacturing plants and operational facilities in Korea, the US, China, India, Turkey, Czech Republic, Russia, and Brazil. It maintains a global base of technical research centers in Korea, the US, Germany, Japan, and India. The company market its products in more than 180 countries through its operational network of 32 overseas production and sales subsidiaries, and more than 6,000 dealers. Hyundai is headquartered in Seoul, South Korea. The company’s strategic intent focuses on maintaining its leading position in the global automotive market. The company recently adopted a new management concept to focus on the development of a global production system with emphasis on emerging markets such as China India, and Brazil. Recently, the company in collaboration with KOICA and PLAN Korea, planned to launch a project related to the development of technical training centre for automobile repair in several African nations. Key Recent Developments of Hyundai Motor Company Nov 21, 2011: Hyundai Joins European Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle Demonstration Program Oct 04, 2011: EU Officials to Drive Fuel-cell Hyundai ix35 Sep 28, 2011: Hyundai to Expand EV Development Sep 06, 2011: Hyundai to Come Out With New Electric Vehicle Brand For China May 31, 2011: SK Innovation Commences Construction On EV Batteries Facility History Chung Ju-Yung as a small engineering and construction company founded the Hyundai in 1947. In 1965 Hyundai began its operations outside South Korea, expanding production to Thailand, Vietnam and Guam. The name Hyundai is a Korean word meaning ‘Modernity’. The Hyundai motor company was founded in 1967. This famous company has been involved in construction, electronics, chemicals, shipbuilding, heavy industry and financial services. The company’s first model was released with the cooperation with Ford motor company, the Cortina in 1968. In 1967, they began exporting to Ecuador and Benelux countries. In 1991, Hyundai successfully developed its own proprietary gasoline engine. Hyundai Motors India Limited was established in 1996 with its production plant in Irrungattukatoi near Chennai, India. In 1998, Hyundai became a world class brand. During 1999, Chung Mong Koo, son of Chung Ju Yung was given leadership of Hyundai Motors. In 2004 a survey by Power and Associates ranked Hyundai the second in initial quality. In 2006 Chung Mong Koo was arrested for embezzlement of 100 billion SKW, and Vice chairman and CEO Kim Dong-Jin took over as head of Hyundai. Philosophy and Objectives of the Organization The Hyundai Motor Company’s Philosophy represents the values and the principles that are the core of the organization. ‘Realize the dream of mankind by creating a new future through ingenious thinking and continuously challenging new frontiers. ’ Core Values Promotes a customer driven corporate culture by providing the best quality and impeccable service with all values centered on their customers. Embrace every opportunity as greater challenges and achieve the goals with unwavering passion and ingenious thinking. Creates synergy through a sense of togetherness that is fostered by mutual communication and cooperation within the company and with their business partners. They believe the future of the organization lies in the hearts capabilities of individual members, and will help them develop their potential by creating a corporate culture that respects talent. Respects the diversity of cultures and customs, aspire to be the world’s best at what we do, and strive to become a respected global corporate citizen. How to cite Hyundai Motor Company, Papers

Nursing Living a Healthy Life

Question: Discuss about the Nursing for Living a Healthy Life. Answer: Introduction: According to the case study the patient Mrs. Holt is an old lady and she stays all alone in her house. Therefore, the first aspect that needs to be taken care of is that the after the completion of the treatment it should be assured through diagnosis that she should be capable of living a healthy life without any assistance. Second aspect that should be kept in mind is assistance should be given so that she doesnt face any complications regarding her injury at home. A discharge for the elder patient is a critical juncture and thus it is planned when there is a mutual coordination between the patient and his family. It is a chalenging task as it influences the patients life in future. In this case the discharge planning involves monitoring on a daily basis for their evaluation of the condition of Mrs. Holt. The planning of the discharge involves the psychological, social, medical, and educational requirements of the patients. The key people involved in the discharge planning of this patient are the doctors, nurses and also assistance such as midwifery arranged by the hospital or NGO (Altfeld et al., 2013) Three services that assist the older people by maintaining a social connection are as follows: One of such organization is NHS which continuing healthcare and also the nursing care which is funded and arrangement of equipment such as wheelchairs, beds or aided equipment (Barnett et al.,2016). There is state and government funded aged care services available globally. The main aim of such organizations is to meet the challenges of the older people such as providing walking frames and other minor equipments. Support services are provided by organizations such as District Health Boards. They provide services at home in carer support and household work (Denson et al.,2013). Urinary incontinence is defined as the loss of bladder control. In this case Mrs. Munyarryun has retired, and she complained of the urinary problem since the last six month. The cause of urinary incontinence generally in old aged females is multi-factorial. In this case it might be due to multiple child birth or hormonal dis-balance of the external and internal factors of the urinary tract. Some other causes are the neurological, urologic environmental, gynecologic, iatrogenic and psychological factors (Clement et al.,2013). Although this incontinence cannot be prevented, yet Mrs. Munyarryun can be monitored to lead a healthy lifestyle to reduce it. The advices involve Healthy weight: the persons overweight can lead to deterioration in the condition of the patient. Therefore, Mrs. Munyarryun could reduce this by eating healthy food and doing regular exercises. These two things can decrease the chances of incontinence and increases the healthy life. Drinking habits: Mrs. Munyarryun who has urine inconsistency should avoid alcohol beverages and any sort of beverages which are hard in nature because it severely affects the urinary bladder. So if the person gives up the drinking habit, then his chance of living is very high. Pelvic exercises: Mrs. Munyarryun suffering from urinary inconsistency should always go for the exercises of the pelvic which could improve the elasticity of the bladder and thus of the lower abdomen. Once the elasticity of the bladder is restored, then the patient would have less to suffer from the urinary problems (Dumoulin et al.,2014). When a person is suffering dementia, then there are many marked changes in the behavior of the patient. The possible cause of this could be divided into three types: biological which refers to the behavioral change, second is psychological where the patient percieves a threat and third being social where the patient feels bored from his society.The patient's mood swings from time to time. The person may experience many mood changes in themselves. The mood changes are aggression, agitation or anxiety, confusion, repetition, suspicion and trouble to sleep. When a person with dementia mood changes then one should look for certain behavior change. One should see the pain behind this change, which has forced to them to act. One should also have the feelings of this pain or the worse actions. Their distractions should be limited. The patient frustration should be listened so that the patient should be at ease. The patient should be given reassurance, and the patient should be involved in a ctivities. Osteoarthritis is the pain which is caused by the cartilage loss. If the pain of osteoarthritis is not managed properly then it affects the life quality which could lead to pain and depression, or a life which could require long-term care at home (Jutkowitz et al.,2016). Validation therapy is the therapy for the communication with the old age people suffering from dementia. It is a practical approach to help the people coming out of stress due to behavior change; it enhances the dignity and increases happiness in the life. This theory usually comes into action when the people suffering from dementia are in the final stage, and they are on the verge of dying. This approach helps the patient to express their last wishes through the verbal or non-verbal way of communication. The practitioners of validation are caring, supporting and very open in the feelings. This theory has both psychological and physical features. This theory is based on the certain techniques which could be applicable both individually as well as in the team work. This theory is useful, productive, gives recognition status to the dementia patients. Through this theory, a dementia patient feels nurture and safe (Feil, 2014) The husband can give her the time and memory. The time for her would be different from the normal people and the memory includes that the past would be present for her and vice versa. The memory would be there for one moment and can vanish the next time and the mind plays a hurtful tricks. There are mainly four types of restraints: physical restraint, chemical restraint, and environmental restraint. Physical restraint is that type of restraint where the behavior movement is controlled or restricted. It is mainly associated with the person body or the creation of the physical obstruction. (Cleary Prescott 2015). Chemical restarint are the medications which strictly resist the behavior modification. This is mainly in a form of tranquilizers and sedatives (Fu et al., 2013). Environmental restraint is the one which changes a person's surroundings which restrict the movement (Fleming et al., 2015). Psychological restraint is the one which is used with the other type of restraint which restrict a persons mental mobility. Physical restraint-This is applicable as a lap belt to help the person sit up or sit down. Chemical restraint - For example use of medication which could stop behavior without any side effects. Environmental restraint - An example of this that there is a protected garden where a person can have free access to the inside of a building. Psychological restraint - An example, using soft and soothing voice while gently approaching the patient (Peisah., 2015). The three alternatives of the restraints attitude, assessment, and anticipation. These are the alternatives which are opposite to the above restraints. Attitude is the patient last option and not the first choice, and it reduces the restraint uses. Assessment of the patient is a multidisciplinary of the mental state, behavioral modification which could reduce the restraint use. Anticipation is having the knowledge of the interventions and those goals which could minimize the restraints use (Fleming et al., 2015). References: Altfeld, S. J., Shier, G. E., Rooney, M., Johnson, T. J., Golden, R. L., Karavolos, K., ... Perry, A. J. (2013). Effects of an enhanced discharge planning intervention for hospitalized older adults: a randomized trial.The Gerontologist,53(3), 430-440. Cleary, K. K., Prescott, K. (2015). The Use of Physical Restraints in Acute and Long-term Care: An Updated Review of the Evidence, Regulations, Ethics, and Legality.The Journal of Acute Care Physical Therapy,6(1), 8-15. Barnett, K., Mercer, S. W., Norbury, M., Watt, G., Wyke, S., Guthrie, B. (2012). Epidemiology of multimorbidity and implications for health care, research, and medical education: a cross-sectional study.The Lancet,380(9836), 37-43. Denson, L. A., Winefield, H. R., Beilby, J. J. (2013). Discharge planning for long term care needs: the values and priorities of older people, their younger relatives and health professionals.Scandinavian journal of caring sciences,27(1), 3-12. Clement, K. D., Lapitan, M. C. M., Omar, M. I., Glazener, C. (2013). Urodynamic studies for management of urinary incontinence in children and adults.The Cochrane Library. Dumoulin, C., Hay Smith, E. J. C., Mac Habe Sguin, G. (2014). Pelvic floor muscle training versus no treatment, or inactive control treatments, for urinary incontinence in women.The Cochrane Library. Jutkowitz, E., MacLehose, R. F., Gaugler, J. E., Dowd, B., Kuntz, K. M., Kane, R. L. (2016). Risk Factors Associated With Cognitive, Functional, and Behavioral Trajectories of Newly Diagnosed Dementia Patients.The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, glw079. Feil, N. (2014). Validation therapy with late-onset dementia populations.Caregiving in dementia: Research and applications, 199-218. Fu, C. Y., Moyle, W., Cooke, M. (2013). A randomised controlled trial of the use of aromatherapy and hand massage to reduce disruptive behaviour in people with dementia.BMC complementary and alternative medicine,13(1), 1. Fleming, R., Kelly, F., Stillfried, G. (2015). I want to feel at home: establishing what aspects of environmental design are important to people with dementia nearing the end of life.BMC palliative care,14(1), 1. Peisah, C., Strukovski, J. A., Wijeratne, C., Mulholland, R., Luscombe, G., Brodaty, H. (2015). The development and testing of the quality use of medications in dementia (QUM-D): a tool for quality prescribing for behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD).International Psychogeriatrics,27(08), 1313-1322.